✶Ad. [x] became [ɣ] before voiced stops; [x{bdg}] > [ɣ{bdg}]

✶Ad. [x] became [ɣ] before voiced stops; [x{bdg}] > [ɣ{bdg}]

The voiceless velar fricative [x] was voiced to [ɣ] before voiced stops [b,d,g] (but not, apparently, before [ɟ]). Thereafter the sound developed as [ɣ], disappearing while lengthening the preceding vowel (SD/422).

This changed occurred before [ɣ] vanished, and was therefore probably early. Since it did not apply to the palatal voiced stop, it likely occurred after most palatals became sibilants [s] or [z].

Reference ✧ SD/422

Phonetic Rule Elements

[x{bdg}] > [ɣ{bdg}] ✧ SD/422 ([x{bdg}] > [ɣ{bdg}])