ᴹ✶voiced stops unvoiced before voiceless consonants; [{bdg}{ptkpʰtʰkʰs}] > [{ptk}{ptkpʰtʰkʰs}]

ᴹ✶voiced stops unvoiced before voiceless consonants; [{bdg}{ptkpʰtʰkʰs}] > [{ptk}{ptkpʰtʰkʰs}]

References ✧ PE18/53; PE19/45-46

Phonetic Rule Elements

[bt]	>	[pt]	✧ PE19/52 (b + t > pt)
[bs]	>	[ps]	✧ PE19/50 (b + s > ps)
[dt]	>	[tt]
[ds]	>	[ts]	✧ PE19/50 (d + s > ts)
[gt]	>	[kt]	✧ PE19/52 (g + t > k + t)
[gs]	>	[ks]	✧ PE19/50 (g + s > ks)

Phonetic Rule Examples

abta- > apta-	bt > pt	ᴹ✶abtā > apta > ᴹQ. apsa	✧ PE19/45
labta- > lapta-	bt > pt	ᴹ√LAB > ᴹQ. lapsa	✧ Ety/LAB
sjadsē > sjatsē	ds > ts	ᴹ✶syadsē > syatsē > ᴹQ. hyatse	✧ Ety/SYAD
sjadsela > sjatsela	ds > ts	ᴹ✶syatsē̆la > N. hathel	✧ Ety/SYAD
ndagta- > ndakta-	gt > kt	ᴹ√NDAG > ᴹQ. nahta-	✧ PE22/102
wegtē > wektē	gt > kt	ᴹ✶weg-tē > N. gweith	✧ Ety/WEG

ᴱ✶voiced stops unvoiced before voiceless consonants; [{bdg}{ptks}] > [{ptk}{ptks}]

Phonetic Rule Elements

[gt]

>

[kt]

Phonetic Rule Examples

ndagta- > ndakta-

gt > kt

ᴱ✶ndag+ta > ᴱQ. nahta-

✧ PE14/66