ᴱQ. [f]

⚠️ᴱQ. [f]

References ✧ PE12/16-17, 19-21, 26; PE14/41, 60

Variations

• f ✧ PE12/17; PE14/41; PE14/41; PE14/60

Element In

• ᴱQ. p-series
• ᴱQ. voiceless-spirants ✧ PE14/41

Phonetic Development

ᴱQ. initial [sw] and [sβ] became [f], [sj] became [j̊]	f-	<	sβ-	✧ PE12/19 (su̯, sw̑, sƀ > f)
ᴱQ. [ɸx] became [f]	f	<	ɸx	✧ PE12/20 (ꝑx > fh > f)
	f	<	xxʷ	✧ PE12/20 (xx͡w > ff > f)
ᴱQ. geminate voiceless spirants reduced	f	<	ff	✧ PE12/21 (ff > f)
ᴱQ. initial [sw] and [sβ] became [f], [sj] became [j̊]	f-	<	sw-	✧ PE12/26 (sẇ > hw > f)
ᴱQ. voiceless and voiced [w] became [f], [v] in Inwelin	f	<	w̥	✧ PE14/60 (hw > f)
ᴱQ. initial and intervocalic [xʷ] became [f]	f-	<	xʷ-	✧ PE12/17 (x͡w > f)
ᴱQ. initial and intervocalic [xʷ] became [f]	VfV	<	VxʷV	✧ PE12/17 (x͡w > f; between vowels)
ᴱQ. [ɸ] usually became [f]	f	<	ɸ	✧ PE12/16 (ꝑ > f); PE12/21 (ꝑꝑ > ff)
ᴱQ. [ɸ] usually became [f]	f	<	ɸɣʷ	✧ PE12/20 (fw̑ > f)
ᴱQ. geminate voiceless spirants reduced	ff	>	f	✧ PE12/21 (ff > f)
ᴱQ. [f] became [v] except before stressed vowel	VfV|VfV́	>	VvV|VfV́	✧ PE12/20 (f > v); PE12/20 (f > v)
ᴱQ. intervocalic voiceless spirants became voiced	VfV	>	VvV	✧ PE12/17 (f > v)