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N. helf n. “fur” (Category: Fur)

N. helf, n. “fur, *hide” (Category: Fur)
G. dauth “skin, hide”
G. dôf “hide, skin”

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “fur” appearing beside N. heleth “fur, fur-coat”, both derived from the root ᴹ√SKEL (Ety/SKEL). Since N. helf seems to be the cognate of ᴹQ. helma “skin, fell”, I believe helf refers to both skin and fur together and hence = “*hide”, whereas heleth refers to just the fur itself.

Conceptual Development: Various rejected forms appeared in The Etymologies, including halath “skin, fell” from an earlier version the root ᴹ√SKAL, revised to helath “skin, fell” before being deleted (EtyAC/SKEL). Possible precursors include ᴱN. gwadh “bark, skin, peel” vs. ᴱT. suada “hide” (PE13/146), and G. dafros “bark, skin, peel” (GL/29); see those entries for details.

References ✧ Ety/SKEL; EtyAC/SKEL

Glosses

Variations

Changes

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶skelmā > helf [skelmā] > [skelma] > [sxelma] > [xelma] > [xelm] > [helm] > [helv] ✧ Ety/SKEL
ᴹ√SKEL > helath [skelatta] > [skelattʰa] > [skelaθθa] > [sxelaθθa] > [xelaθθa] > [xelaθθ] > [helaθθ] > [helaθ] ✧ EtyAC/SKEL

N. halath n. “skin, fell”

See N. helf for discussion.

References ✧ EtyAC/SKEL

Glosses

Variations

Changes

Inflections

heleth plural ✧ EtyAC/SKEL

Element In

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√SKAL > ?halath [skalatta] > [skalattʰa] > [skalaθθa] > [sxalaθθa] > [xalaθθa] > [xalaθθ] > [halaθθ] > [halaθ] ✧ EtyAC/SKEL
ᴹ√SKAL > heleth [skalatti] > [skalattʰi] > [skalaθθi] > [sxalaθθi] > [xalaθθi] > [xeleθθi] > [xeleθθ] > [halaθθ] > [halaθ] ✧ EtyAC/SKEL

ᴱN. gwadh n. “bark, skin, peel” (Category: Skin, Hide)

This word appeared as gwath {“field” >>} “bark” in Early Noldorin Grammar of the 1920s (PE13/120). This form also appeared in Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, but it was deleted and replaced by gwadh “bark, skin, peel” as a derivative of ᴱ✶(s)wada (PE13/146).

References ✧ PE13/120-121, 146, 156

Glosses

Variations

Related

Changes

Inflections

i·ngwaith nasal-mutation plural; gw-mutation   ✧ PE13/121
i·ngwathir nasal-mutation plural; gw-mutation   ✧ PE13/120
gwaidh plural   ✧ PE13/146
i·wath soft-mutation; gw-mutation   ✧ PE13/120
#wadh soft-mutation; gw-mutation “bark” ✧ PE13/156
o·gwath stop-mutation; gw-mutation   ✧ PE13/120
o·wath stop-mutation; gw-mutation   ✧ PE13/120

Element In

Cognates

Derivations


G. dafros n. “bark, skin, peel” (Category: Skin, Hide)

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “bark, skin, peel”, related to the verb G. daf- “strip, flay, peel skin” (GL/29). In Gnomish Lexicon Slips modifying that document, Tolkien instead gave {daus >>} dâf “bark” (PE13/112).

References ✧ GL/29; PE13/112

Glosses

Variations

Changes

Elements

daf- “to strip, flay, peel skin” ✧ GL/29
#-os¹ “abstract noun” ✧ GL/29 (#-os)