Eldamo : Quenya : Avar

Q. Avar pn. “Refuser, Elf who did not journey to Aman” (Category: Elf, Fairy)

Q. Avar, pn. “Refuser, Elf who did not journey to Aman” (Category: Elf, Fairy)

The Elves who refused to journey to Aman, an agental formation of the ancient verb ava-¹ “to refuse” with the common agental suffix -r(o) (VT47/13, WJ/371). This name most frequently appeared in its plural form Avari referring to this entire people (S/52).

Conceptual Development: The name ᴹQ. Avar(o) first appeared in plural form in Tolkien’s linguistic notes from the 1930s with the gloss “The Departing”, and referred to those elves who left Middle Earth, whereas those who remained were referred to by the earlier name the ᴹQ. Lembi “Lingerers” (LR/169-170). Tolkien soon revised this name to refer to the Elves who remained behind, effectively replacing the term Lembi (LR/200). This name appeared in The Etymologies with essentially the same derivation as given above (Ety/AB).

References ✧ LT1I/Avari; LT2I/Avari; MRI/Avari; PE17/139, 143; PE18/72; PM/29; PMI/Avari; S/52; SI/Avari; SMI/Avari; UTI/Avari; VT47/13, 24; WJ/371, 380; WJI/Abari, Avari

Glosses

“Elf who refused to join the westward march” ✧ WJ/371
“recusant, one who says no, a refuser” ✧ PE17/143
“refuser” ✧ VT47/13; VT47/24

Variations

avar ✧ PE17/139; PE17/143; PMI/Avari; VT47/13; VT47/24; WJ/371; WJI/Avari

Avamanyar “those who did not go to Aman because they would not” is an equivalent of Avari ✧ WJ/370

Inflections

Avari	plural		✧ LT1I/Avari; LT2I/Avari; PE17/143; PE18/72; PM/29; SMI/Avari; UTI/Avari; WJ/371; WJ/371; WJ/380; WJI/Abari; WJI/Avari
Avari	plural	“The Unwilling”	✧ MRI/Avari; S/52
Avari	plural	“the Refusers”	✧ PMI/Avari
Avari	plural	“The Unwilling, the Refusers”	✧ SI/Avari
avari	plural		✧ PE17/139

Elements

ava-¹	“to refuse, forbid”
#-r(o)	“agental suffix”	✧ WJ/371 (#-r)

Element In

Q. Avarin “language(s) of the Avari, *of the Avari”

Cognates

S. †Avar “Refuser” ✧ PE17/139 (gavar); VT47/24; WJ/380 (†Evair)
T. Abar “Dark Elf; (lit.) Refuser” ✧ VT47/24; WJ/380 (Abari); WJI/Abari (Abari); WJI/Avari (Abari)

Derivations

< ✶abar(o) “refuser, recusant, one who refuses to act as advised or commanded” ✧ VT47/13 (abar); VT47/24 (abar); WJ/371 (abar); WJ/380 (Abarī)
- < √BĀ/ABA “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial)” ✧ WJ/361 (ABA); WJ/411 (ABA)
  - < abaro < ABA ✧ WJ/411
< √BĀ/ABA “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial)” ✧ PE17/143 (ABA)

Phonetic Developments

√ABA > avar

[abaro] > [abar] > [aβar] > [avar]

✧ PE17/143

ᴹQ. Avar(o) pn. “Refuser, One who does not go forth”

See Q. Avar for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/AB; LR/170, 200, 214; LRI/Avari; PE18/24; WRI/Avari

Glosses

“Refuser, One who does not go forth” ✧ Ety/AB (Avar/Avaro)

Variations

Avar/Avaro ✧ Ety/AB

Changes

Avari “Elves who left Middle-earth” >> Avari “Elves who never left Middle-earth or began the march” ✧ Ety/AB

Inflections

Avari	plural	“Elves who never left Middle-earth or began the march”	✧ Ety/AB
Avari	plural	“Elves who left Middle-earth”	✧ Ety/AB
Avari	plural	“The Departing”	✧ LR/170
Avari	plural	“non-Eldarin”	✧ LR/200
Avari	plural	“The Unwilling”	✧ LR/214; WRI/Avari
Avari	plural		✧ LRI/Avari; PE18/24

Element In

ᴹQ. Avarin “language(s) of the Avari”

Cognates

N. Afor “Refuser, an Elf who did not journey to Aman” ✧ Ety/AB; Ety/AB (Efuir/Efyr)
ON. abōro “refuser, one who does not go forth” ✧ Ety/AB

Derivations

< ᴹ✶abāro “refuser, one who does not go forth” ✧ Ety/AB (ábārō̆)
- < ᴹ√ABAR “*refuser” ✧ Ety/AB

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶ábārō̆ > Avar/Avaro

[abāro] > [abār] > [aβār] > [aβar] > [avar]

✧ Ety/AB