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S. lith n. “ash” (Category: Ashes)

S. lith, n. “ash; [N.] sand” (Category: Ashes)
G. marol “sand”
G. ôr “dry sand”

A noun for “ash” appearing as an element in names like Lithlad “Plain of Ashes” (RC/457) and Dor-nu-Fauglith “Land under Choking Ash” (WJ/239-240), as well as in the adjective lithui “ashy, ashen” (RGEO/66, RC/765). It is translated as “dust” in the name Anfauglith “Gasping Dust” (S/150), but since this is the name for Ard-galen after the region was burned by the forces of Morgoth, this may simply be a loose translation for “ash”.

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s N. lith was glossed “sand” from primitive ᴹ✶litse under the root ᴹ√LIT (Ety/LIT), and in this document N. Fauglith was translated “Thirsty Sand” (Ety/PHAU), as opposed to its original translation from the 1920s and early-to-mid 1930s which was simply “Thirst” (LB/275; SM/26, 101; LR/280).

Neo-Sindarin: For Neo-Sindarin I’d use lith mainly in its 1950s-60s sense “ash” but also allow its 1930s sense “sand”, but for “dust” I’d use [N.] ast. @@@ Maybe it would be better to coin a neologism for “sand”?

References ✧ RC/765; SA/lith

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N. lith n. “sand” (Category: Sand, Grit)

Reference ✧ Ety/LIT ✧ “sand”

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Phonetic Developments

ON. litthe > lith [liθθe] > [liθθ] > [liθ] ✧ Ety/LIT

ᴱN. lhith n. “dust” (Category: Dust, Powder)

See S. lith for discussion.

References ✧ PE13/149, 156

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G. thith n. “dust” (Category: Dust, Powder)

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “dust”, appearing below other forms like G. thisin “parched, withered” (GL/73). The latter is clearly a cognate of ᴱQ. sisin from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon, and hence is derived from the root ᴱ√SISI as it appeared in that document (QL/84), though its Gnomish derivatives make it clear the actual root was *ᴱ√ÞISI.

References ✧ GL/39, 73

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