ᴱ✶[θ] ‹þ›

⚠️ᴱ✶[θ] ‹þ›

References ✧ PE12/15, 19-21; PE14/63

Variations

• þ ✧ PE12/20; PE14/63

Element In

• ᴱ✶t-series ✧ PE12/15
• ᴱ✶voiceless-spirants ✧ PE12/15 (voiceless spirant)

Phonetic Development

ᴱQ. voiceless spirants voiced after liquids	rθ	>	rð	✧ PE12/19 (liquids + þ > rđ)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirants voiced after liquids	lθ	>	lð	✧ PE12/19 (liquids + þ > lđ)
ᴱQ. final voiceless spirants were weakened and voiced	-θ	>	-ð	✧ PE12/20 (þ > đ)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirant combinations assimilated except to [θ]	θɸ	>	ɸɸ	✧ PE12/21 (þ + ꝑ > ꝑꝑ)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirants became stops after nasals	nθ	>	nt	✧ PE12/19 (nasals + þ > nt)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirant combinations assimilated except to [θ]	θx	>	xx	✧ PE12/20 (þx > xx)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirant combinations assimilated except to [θ]	θxʷ	>	xʷxʷ	✧ PE12/20 (þ + x͡w > xx͡w)
ᴱQ. [θ] became [s]	θ	>	s	✧ PE12/16 (þ > s); PE12/19 (þ > s)
ᴱQ. intervocalic voiceless spirants became voiced	VθV	>	VðV	✧ PE12/16 (þ > z; medial)