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Q. mac- v. (basic-verb) “to hew with a sword” (Category: to Hew)

Q. mac-, v. (basic-verb) “to hew (with a sword), *swing (a sword); ⚠️[ᴱQ.] to slay; to die” (Category: to Hew)
ᴱQ. tyacta- “hew”

A verb in notes associated with the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60, appearing in its aorist form make “hews with a sword” and derived from the root √MAK “cut, hew with a sharp edge” that was also the basis for sword words.

Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s ᴱQ. maka- meant “slay” under the early root ᴱ√MAKA (QL/57), while in the Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s, ᴱQ. maka- meant “die” with a causative variant ᴱQ. maktya- “kill” (PE14/58). This early root was also the basis for ᴱQ. makil “sword”, so the shifting meanings of the Quenya verb seem to be based on the shift meanings of the root; see √MAK for further discussion.

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use mac- as a general word for “hew”, with a particular connotation of “hew with a sword”. Furthermore, I think this verb originally applied to the motion of hewing (= swing a blade) as opposed to Q. nac- for the result of hewing (= cut with a blade), though in practice the two verbs often overlap. I think mac- “hew” is more commonly used, since [ᴹQ.] nac- also means “bite”.

References ✧ VT39/11

Inflections

make aorist “hews with a sword” ✧ VT39/11

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

MAK > make [maki] > [make] ✧ VT39/11

ᴱQ. maka- v. “to slay; to die” (Category: to Kill)

See Q. mac- for discussion.

References ✧ LT1A/Makar; PE14/58; QL/57

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

manke past ✧ QL/57
māke past ✧ QL/57

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ√MAKA > mak- [mak-] ✧ QL/57